Role & capabilities
- Reconnaissance aircraft
- Catapult launch; parachute recovery
- Day/night observation and mission-dependent electronic-intelligence options
- Primary domain
- Air
- System type
- Reconnaissance aircraft
- Developer / manufacturer
- Special Technology Center (STC)
- Origin / production countries
- Russia
- Other names
- No additional names recorded
- Variants / configurations
- Orlan-10 domestic record; Orlan-10E export configuration
- Operators / programme customers
- Russia; export customers not enumerated here
Evidence & current status
Identification and specification are attributed to Ukraine’s Defence Intelligence. Captured-airframe evidence is stronger than a promotional claim, but one specimen does not establish every production variant or an independently verified fleet size.
Role & programme
A widely documented Russian tactical reconnaissance family. Export Orlan-10E data differs from the domestic Orlan-10 figures recorded by Ukrainian intelligence.
The table uses GUR’s domestic Orlan-10 record. Rosoboronexport’s export page instead lists 18.6 kg take-off mass, at least ten hours endurance and 4.5 kg payload. These values are retained as a version distinction rather than combined into one aircraft. Radio reach, autonomous distance and total route length should not be treated as the same range measurement.
Sourced specifications
Figures apply to the named configuration. Maximum values are not guaranteed operating performance.
| Specification | Reported value | Context & source |
|---|---|---|
| Airframe | Fixed-wing reconnaissance aircraft | GUR-published assessment or declared specification. A party to the conflict; not an independent performance test. Source ↗ |
| Launch / recovery | Catapult launch; parachute recovery | GUR-published assessment or declared specification. A party to the conflict; not an independent performance test. Source ↗ |
| Propulsion | Internal-combustion engine (exporter description) | GUR-published assessment or declared specification. A party to the conflict; not an independent performance test. Source ↗ |
| Dimensions | Domestic record: 3.1 m span; 1.8 m length | GUR-published assessment or declared specification. A party to the conflict; not an independent performance test. Source ↗ |
| Mass | Domestic record: 18 kg maximum take-off mass | GUR-published assessment or declared specification. A party to the conflict; not an independent performance test. Source ↗ |
| Endurance | Domestic record: up to 16 h | GUR-published assessment or declared specification. A party to the conflict; not an independent performance test. Source ↗ |
| Range | Domestic record: 600 km flight distance; 120 km communications | GUR-published assessment or declared specification. A party to the conflict; not an independent performance test. Source ↗ |
| Speed | 90–150 km/h | GUR-published assessment or declared specification. A party to the conflict; not an independent performance test. Source ↗ |
| Altitude | 5,000 m maximum | GUR-published assessment or declared specification. A party to the conflict; not an independent performance test. Source ↗ |
| Payload | 5.5 kg in domestic record | GUR-published assessment or declared specification. A party to the conflict; not an independent performance test. Source ↗ |
| Sensors | Day/night observation and mission-dependent electronic-intelligence options | GUR-published assessment or declared specification. A party to the conflict; not an independent performance test. Source ↗ |
| Communications / navigation | Not established from the reviewed sources. | Public data gap; no estimate substituted. Follow the source for subsequent releases. Source ↗ |
Publication history
- — Expanded catalogue profile with sourced specifications, variant distinctions, programme evidence and explicit public data gaps.
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Follow the evidence
Source types identify who makes the claim. Programme milestones and supplier statements should be read in context.
- Ukraine GUR public system record (opens in a new tab)Government intelligence assessment — Ukraine
- Rosoboronexport Orlan-10E export specification (opens in a new tab)Manufacturer / programme source